The International Criminal Court
Kenya Monitor

Who’s Who

The Individuals Charged

William Samoei Ruto: Senior member of the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), member of parliament from Eldoret (Rift Valley).

Joshua Arap Sang: Current head of operations at Kass FM in Nairobi. At the time of the attacks, Sang was a radio host in Eldoret, Rift Valley Province.

Francis Kirimi Muthaura: Senior member of the Party of National Unity (PNU), who served as Head of the Public Service and Secretary to the Cabinet of the Republic of Kenya during the period of post-election violence.

Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta: Senior member of the Party of National Unity (PNU), currently holding the position of Deputy Prime Minister. He also formerly served as Minister for Finance of the Republic of Kenya.

The Prosecution

  • Luis Moreno Ocampo, Prosecutor
  • Fatou Bensouda, Deputy-Prosecutor
  • Cynthia Tai, Senior Trial Attorney for Case One (Ruto, Kosgey, and Sang)
  • Adesola Adeboyajo, Senior Trial Attorney for Case Two (Muthaura, Kenyatta, and Ali)

The Defense for William Samoei Ruto

  • Kithure Kindiki
  • Kioko Kilukumi
  • Katwa Kigeni
  • David Hooper

The Defense for Joshua Arap Sang

  • Joseph Kipchumba Kigen-Katwa
  • Joel Bosek
  • Philemon Koech
  • Logan Hambrick

The Defense for Francis Kirimi Muthaura

  • Ken Ogeto
  • Karim Ahmad Khan
  • Shyamala Alagendra

The Defense for Uhuru Muigai Kenyatta

  • Steven Kay
  • Gilian Kay Higgins

The Office of Public Counsel for the Defense

  • Xavier-Jean Keïta

The Office of Public Counsel for Victims

  • Paolina Massida

Judges of Trial Chamber V

  • Judge Christine Van Den Wyngaert
  • Judge Kuniko Ozaki
  • Judge Chile Eboe-Osuji

Registry

  • Silvana Arbia, Registrar
  • Didier Preira, Deputy Registrar
  • Maria Luisa Martinod-Jacome, Victims and Witnesses Unit
  • Fiona McKay, Victims Participation and Reparations Section
  • Esteban Peralta Losilla, Defense Support Section

Key groups, organizations and individuals that could be referred to during proceedings

PNU: the Party of National Unity. The ruling party at the time of the December 2007 elections, led by President Mwai Kibaki. The party now forms part of a power-sharing coalition government with the the Orange Democratic Movement.

President Mwai Kibaki: leader of the Party of National Unity, and currently serving a second term as President of Kenya after the disputed elections in December 2007.

ODM: the Orange Democratic Movement. The opposition party at the time of the December 2007 elections, led by Raila Odinga. The party now forms part of a power-sharing coalition government with the Party of National Unity.

Raila Odinga: leader of the Orange Democratic Movement, and presidential candidate at the time of the December 2007 elections. Currently serving as Prime Minister in the power-sharing coalition government.

Kofi Annan: former UN Secretary-General and chair of the African Union-appointed team sent to mediate between the two political parties during the post-election violence.

Mohammed Hussein Ali: Currently holding the position of Chief Executive of the Postal Corporation of Kenya, and Commissioner of the Kenya Police at the time of the elections.

Henry Kiprono Kosgey: Senior member of the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM), member of parliament from Tinderet (Rift Valley) and suspended Minister of Industrialization in the coalition government.

Kikuyu: the largest ethnic group in Kenya. President Mwai Kibaki is ethnic Kikuyu, and people of Kikuyu ethnicity were perceived to be supporters of the PNU during the post-election violence.

Kamba: an ethnic group whose members were perceived to be supporters of the PNU during the post-election violence.

Kisii: an ethnic group whose members were perceived to be supporters of the PNU during the post-election violence.

Meru: an ethnic group whose members were perceived to be supporters of the PNU during the post-election violence.

Kalenjin: an ethnic group indigenous to the Great Rift Valley, whose members were perceived as supporters of the ODM during the post-election violence.

Luhya: the second largest ethnic group in Kenya. People of Luhya ethnicity were targeted in the post-election violence both as perceived supporters of the ODM and of the PNU.

Luo: the third largest ethnic group in Kenya. People of Luo ethnicity were perceived to be supporters of the ODM during the post-election violence.

Mungiki: a criminal gang allegedly mobilized by Kikuyu leaders during the post-election violence to carry out attacks on non-Kikuyu groups.

The Waki Commission or the Commission of Inquiry on Post-Election Violence (CIPEV): the international body established by the government of Kenya in February 2008 to investigate the post-election violence. It became known as the Waki Commission after its chair, the Kenyan Court of Appeals Judge Philip Waki. The Waki Commission submitted a report and recommendations to the government of Kenya in October 2008.

Places that could be referred to during the proceedings

Rift Valley province: the largest of Kenya’s eight provinces, running north to south across the west of the country. Here, the distribution of land has historically caused conflict between ethnic groups perceived as indigenous to the region (such as the Kalenjin) and those perceived as ‘outsiders’ (such as the Kikuyu). This province was one of those most affected by the post-election violence. Particularly violent attacks were allegedly carried out in the southern cities of Eldoret, Naivasha and Nakuru.

Nairobi province: the province that is home to Kenya’s capital city Nairobi, where much of the post-election violence took place. Nairobi’s slum districts, notably the largest slum Kibera, were reportedly key areas of police violence and Kikuyu gang violence.

Western province: one of Kenya’s smaller provinces and one of those most affected by violence, particularly in the area of Mount Elgon.

Central province: one of Kenya’s smaller provinces, this area remained relatively calm during the election campaign and the voting and counting period; tensions only rose and violence broke out after attacks on the Kikuyu in the Rift Valley.

Coast province: the province in the south-east of the country comprising the coastal strip along the Indian Ocean. Violence was allegedly directed at the Kikuyu and Meru communities here.

Nyanza province: one of Kenya’s smaller provinces in the south-west of the country, and one of those most affected by the post-election violence, particularly police violence.

Kisumu: a city in Nyanza province and a traditional stronghold of Raila Odinga, the ODM presidential candidate, where many ODM-led protests and PNU-led attacks took place.